Library of Congress - Digital Collections - Ballets Russes de Serge Diaghilev"The world of ballet changed dramatically when the Ballets Russes de Serge Diaghilev took Paris by storm at the Théâtre du Châtelet in May of 1909. Armed with ground-breaking choreographic originality and an innovative use of collaborating artists, the Ballets Russes produced some of the most significant ballet masterpieces of the twentieth century, including Les Sylphides, Schéhérazade, Firebird, Petrouchka, L’Après-midi d’un Faune, Parade, Les Noces, Les Biches, and Apollon Musagète.
The man behind this accomplishment was Russian art critic, impresario, and producer Serge Diaghilev, who served as founder and artistic director of the Ballets Russes until his death in August of 1929 at the age of 57. Among Diaghilev’s revolutionary ideas was the aspiration to make ballet music equal in importance to dance. Consequently, he commissioned scores from composers such as Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Sergei Prokofiev, Francis Poulenc, Georges Auric, Darius Milhaud, Constant Lambert, Erik Satie, and Vittorio Rieti. The most prolific composer, however, was Igor Stravinsky, whose commissions for the Ballets Russes included Firebird,1910; Petrouchka, 1911; Le Sacre du Printemps, 1913; Pulcinella, 1920; Le Chant du Rossignol, adapted from his 1914 opera Le Rossignol in 1920; Le Renard, 1922, and Les Noces, 1923."